Question no: 8

The graph gives information about the age of the population of Iceland between 1990 and 2020. Summarise the information by selecting and reporting the main features, and make comparisons where relevant.

Model answer by Lifestyle Training Centre

The bar chart meticulously illustrates the percentage distribution of five distinct age groups in Iceland across three decades, from 1990 to 2020.

Overall, the 25-54 age group consistently represented the largest portion of the population and increased steadily over the period, while most other age groups either declined or exhibited fluctuations.

In 1990, the 25-54 age group comprised approximately 32% of the population, a figure that rose significantly to nearly 50% by 2020. In contrast, the 15-24 age group, which initially accounted for around 21%, experienced a steady decrease, ultimately representing only 9% by 2020. Similarly, the 0-14 age group, constituting roughly 26% in 1990, gradually declined to around 19% by the end of the period.

The 55-64 and 65+ age groups were the smallest in 1990, at approximately 13% and 12%, respectively. The 65+ group remained stable until 2000, then increased to nearly 15% in 2010 before slightly declining to around 13% in 2020. Meanwhile, the 55-64 age group initially fell from about 13% in 1990 to 12% by 2010 and further reduced to 10% by 2020.

List of vocabulary used:

1. Bar chart – A type of graph that uses bars to represent data values in different categories.
2. Meticulously – Done with careful attention to detail.
3. Illustrates – Shows or explains something clearly, often using visual aids.
4. Percentage distribution – The proportion or share of different parts of a whole, expressed in percentages.
5. Distinct – Clearly different or unique.
6. Decades – Periods of ten years.
7. Consistently – Occurring in the same way over time.
8. Represented – Stood for or symbolised something.
9. Portion – A part or fraction of a whole.
10. Population – The total number of people in a specific area or group.
11. Increased steadily – Grew in a gradual, constant manner.
12. Declined – Decreased or went down.
13. Exhibited – Showed or displayed.
14. Fluctuations – Variations or changes in level, amount, or quantity.
15. Comprised – Made up of or consisted of.
16. Approximately – Close to a certain figure, but not exact.
17. Significantly – To a notable or important degree.
18. In contrast – Used to compare two things that are different.
19. Initially – At the beginning.
20. Accounted for – Made up or was responsible for a part of something.
21. Experienced – Went through or underwent.
22. Steady decrease – A continuous, gradual reduction.
23. Ultimately – In the end; finally.
24. Representing – Serving as an example or symbol of something.
25. Constituting – Being a part of a whole.
26. Roughly – Approximately; not exactly.
27. Gradually – Happening slowly over time.
28. End of the period – The final point in a given time span.
29. Respectively – In the order mentioned.
30. Stable – Not changing significantly over time.
31. Increased to – Went up to a specific level.
32. Declining – Going down or decreasing.
33. Fell from – Decreased from a certain level.
34. Further reduced – Decreased even more.

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